Engineering Updates

Diagrid Structural System – Types, Materials and Advantages What is Diagrid Structural System? The diagrid structural system can be defined as a diagonal members formed as a framework  made by the intersection of different materials like metals, concrete or wooden beams which is used in the construction of buildings and roofs. Diagrid structures of the steel members are efficient in providing solution both in term of strength and stiffness. But nowadays a widespread application of diagrid is used in the large span and high rise buildings, particularly when they are complex geometries and curved shapes. urved shapes. Module Geometry of Diagrid Structural System 1.  Diagrid Optimal Angle The diagonal member of the diagrid carries both shear and moment. So the optimal angle of placing of the diagonals is dependent of building height. The optimal angle of the columns for maximum bending rigidity in the normal building is 90 degree and for the diagonal...

There are two types of bars in a RCC column i.e. longitudinal bar and horizontal bar. In horizontal bar, the stirrups and ties are utilized in column. Stirrup is also known as ring, shear reinforcement, etc. To form stirrup for column, it is necessary to work out the cutting length of bar for stirrup as well as calculate the number of stirrups and the size of stirrup. It can be performed in following 4 easy steps.  Find out the size of stirrup Compute the cutting bar length for stirrup Compute the number of stirrups  Bending the bar in stirrup’s shape 1. Find out the Size of Stirrup Suppose, the column size is 20″ x 40″. The concrete clear cover for reinforcement of column is taken as 1½”. The length of stirrup should be 40″-2×1½”=37″ and width 20″-2×1½”=17″. Therefore, the size of the stirrup is 37″x17″. 2.Work out Cutting-Bar-Length for Stirrup There exist actual bar length and cutting bar length. The actual bar length of sti...

The entire process of structural planning and design requires not only imagination and conceptual thinking but also sound knowledge of practical aspects, such as recent design codes and bye-laws, backed up by ample experience, institution and judgment. It is emphasized that any structure to be constructed must satisfy the need efficiency for which it is intended and shall be durable for its desired life span. Thus, the design of any structure is categorizes into following two main types:- 1. Functional design 2. Structural design FUNCTIONAL DESIGN: The structure to be constructed should primarily serve the basic purpose for which it is to be used and must have a pleasing look. The building should provide happy environment inside as well as outside. Therefore, the functional planning of a building must take into account the proper arrangements of room/halls to satisfy the need of the client, good ventilation, lighting, acoustics, unobstructed view in the case of community h...

Nos. of piles needed will depend upon the total vertical load from column / pile capacity  Pile group of three,four ,five ,six or more can be adopted based on nos of piles required.  Any moment acting from column is also accounted (as it will effect the exterior piles most)  by addtional +ve reaction on one side and -ve reaction on other side piles due to moment  Minimum c/c spacing between piles shall be:    2*D - - - for piles resting on rock  2.5*D - - - for piles deriving their strength predominantly from end bearing( predominantly sandy strata)  3*D - - - for piles deriving their strength predominantly from skin friction( predominantly clayey strata)  (d= Pile shaft diameter)  Pile cap can be designed by bending theory .Draw a line at mid depth of    pile cap .The column load is taken to be dispersed at 45 degrees into  pile cap upto its mid depth acting downwards.The reaction from piles  shall also b...

TOP 10 REQUIREMENTS TO BE A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER CIVIL ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS: THESE ARE THE TOP 10  CIVIL ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS   TO BECOME A SUCCESSFUL CIVIL ENGINEER: 1. TESTS OF BUILDING MATERIALS: A good civil engineer should have proper knowledge of different tests of building materials. Some important tests are listed below. Concrete Test :  Slump test,   compression test ,  split tensile test, soundness etc. Soil Test:   Core cutter test ,  compaction test,  sand replacement test, triaxial test, consolidation test etc. Bitumen Test:  Ductility test, softening point test, gravity test, penetration test etc. 2. INVESTIGATION OF SOIL: Various soil tests are conducted to determine the settlement and stability of soils before starting a construction. So as a civil engineer, you should have enough knowledge of these tests which are performed at the site. 3. USES OF SURVEYING INSTRUMENTS: Usag...